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http://www.webmedcentral.com/images/Header_Logo.giftext/html2010-09-04T10:42:00+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Mr. Jitendra SharmaEtiology Of Obesity- What A Family Practitioner Needs To Know
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/513
This article reviews the various etiological factor of obesity. In simple language it focuses on genetics, causes, and determinants.text/html2010-12-16T14:17:18+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Mr. Stefan KaerstA Novel Method For Measuring Of Fat Content In Low-weight Tissue: A NMR Study
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/1368
We developed a protocol to accurately determine low fat content in small tissue samples like e.g. in mouse muscles, using nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR). Measurements of very low-weight samples (< 0.5 g) tended to yield higher fat values, which was caused by a systematic, sample-mass-dependent distortion. We developed a new protocol and a calibration equation to account for the weight-bias, when the device is used for the analysis of low-weight samples. The correction of the raw data was accomplished by a calibration with a linear regression model. The adjustment based on the analysis of test material in eight dry-mass (0.025 g - 0.500 g) and six fat percent levels (3.04% - 7.63%). Observed NMR results and the results of a chemical analysis were compared. Using the modified protocol and the developed equation, the minor fat differences in tissue samples below 0.500 g dry-mass, down to 0.050 g could be detected accurately. The protocol provides a rapid way to repeatedly measure a high number of low-weight, low-fat samples with a minimum of handling. We demonstrate the application of the new protocol for the determination of differences in the intramuscular fat content between selected mouse strains.text/html2011-11-17T12:45:24+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Barathi S SubramaniamInfluence of Gender, Ethnicity, Eating Habits and Exercise on Body Mass Index Among Students of an Indian Medical School
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/2485
Introduction: The relative associations of eating patterns and BMI, particularly at different life stages in various ethnic group are poorly understoodAims and Objectives: -To assess the influence of eating habits and physical activity on BMI, among medical students-To find the association of variables such as age, gender, race, and other lifestyles on BMI among these students.Methodology: Medical Students of both genders, aged 18 to 24 years ( 124 males and 198 females), from 3 main races- Malays (52.2%), Chinese (24.8%), Indians (20.4%) and others (2.6%) of 3 consecutive batches (N= 324) of Melaka-Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus) were included in the study. A survey questionnaire covering the areas related to demographic details, eating habits, types of food, exercise and lifestyle was used. The BMI was calculated from the weight (kg) & square of the height (m).Statistical Analysis: Descriptive Chi-squared analyses were used to examine group differences in prevalence of overweight and obesity between various subgroups of students.Results: Though the mean BMI was within the normal range, significant gender variation was observed. Those who consumed dairy products, meat, egg and aerated drinks more than 5 times per day showed significant difference in BMI .When compared with age, the higher age group shows a tendency to be overweight and obese compared to the lower age group.Conclusion: The Chinese were more underweight and the Indians were more towards overweight and obese when compared with Malays who in general had normal BMI.text/html2012-06-14T18:52:28+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Jose M MoranComparison Between Self-reported and Measured Height, Weight and BMI in Spanish University Students: Relationships With Body and Trunk Fat Mass
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/3481
Objective: Validity of self-reported height and weight has not been adequately evaluated in diverse young populations. This study aims to examine the accuracy of self-reported weight, height, and BMI values in Spanish university students, as well as related factors that may determine the BMI in such population.Methods: Weight and height were self reported and measured in 68 university students between 18-24 years from the area of Extremadura, Spain. BMI was calculated from both, reported and measured values. Additionally, percentage body/trunk fat was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Finally, hip and waist circumference were obtained using standard procedures.Results: there were no differences between self-reported and measured BMI (p > 0.05). In the multiple regression analysis (stepwise) weight (p &lt; 0.0001) and height (p &lt; 0.01) were the main determinants of self-reported BMI. Conclusion: self reported BMI correctly estimates the real BMI in Spanish university students.text/html2013-02-09T11:43:38+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. John ZenianThe Relationship between Obesity and Disorders of the Alimentary Canal
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/3983
The increase in the prevalence of obesity in the United States has been attributed to an environment that promotes a sedentary lifestyle and offers an abundance of energy rich affordable foods. Close examination of historical trends in occupational physical activity and the consumer price index for various food categories do not necessarily support such a view. It is proposed that the increase in the prevalence of obesity in the United States can be attributed to progress in the prevention and the treatment of oral and gastrointestinal disorders which reached a critical mass during the period from 1958 to 1970 prior to the onset of United States obesity epidemic. Time trend analysis shows that the prevalence of dental caries, peptic ulcer and the mortality rate from diarrhea decreased, while the prevalence of gastro-esophageal reflux disease increased prior to or concurrent with the increase in the prevalence of obesity. Furthermore, the number and scope of preventive or treatment measures for dental caries, malocclusion, dentine sensitivity, gastro-esophageal reflux disease and diarrhea increased during the same period. Improvements in the prevention and treatment of dental caries and malocclusion produced a more efficient masticatory apparatus which enabled people to consume more food, while treatment of dentine sensitivity enabled people to consume more sugar containing foods and beverages. Effective suppression of gastric acid enabled people to eat more foods without experiencing heartburn, and better treatment of diarrheal diseases enabled people to absorb more nutrients from the ingested food. The overall improvement in the health and efficiency of the alimentary canal should be considered as a possible alternative explanation for the development of the United States obesity epidemic.text/html2014-01-31T10:47:29+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Namrata ChhabraCentral obesity and prevalence of metabolic syndrome in post-menopausal women
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/4532
The study was aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in the pre and post menopausal rural and urban women.
Study Design: The study included 100 postmenopausal women in the age range of 45- 60 years selected from the rural and urban population equally. An equal number of premenopausal women in the age range of 25-40 years were also selected for comparison .The adult treatment panel 3 (ATP3) criteria was used to classify subjects as having metabolic syndrome.
Results: A borderline high BMI, higher waist to hip ratio, higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, higher fasting blood glucose and dyslipidemia were observed in the postmenopausal group as compared to premenopausal counterparts. 68% of the rural and 74% of the urban post menopausal subjects were having >88 cm of waist circumference. Abdominal obesity was also observed in 27% of the rural and 31% of the urban premenopausal subjects. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was found to be higher in postmenopausal subjects. In the rural and urban groups it was 41% and 43% respectively in comparison to 20% and 27% of the premenopausal subjects.
Conclusion: Abdominal obesity plays a central role in connecting the metabolic syndrome with the metabolic alterations of menopause and can be a strong predictor of impending metabolic syndrome.